Food, medicinal and ornamental significance of Kumkum (Bixa orellana L.)

Abstract

Kumkum (Bixa orellana), belonging to the Bixaceae family, is native to the tropical regions of the Americas. The essential natural color obtained from the seeds, namely bixin, is broadly used in the food, medicinal, cosmetic, and textile industries. It is also important for landscaping and gardening due to its beautiful pinkish flowers. Various parts of this plant are used in curing various ailments like diarrhea, fever, skin infections, etc. It also possesses pharmacological effects like antifertility, anticancer, antidiabetic, antifungal activities, etc. This review highlights the food, medicinal, and ornamental significance of Kumkum.