Study the Role of Maternal Growth Factors in prenatal Development of Albino Mice

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the hormonal and growth markers associated with prenatal development during different gestational weeks in albino female mice. A total of 90 adult female albino mice were divided into three groups based on pregnancy stages: First Trimester (1-7 days), Second Trimester (8-14 days), and Third Trimester (15-21 days). Maternal weight was recorded, with significant differences observed (P ≤ 0.05). The Third Trimester group (G3) showed the highest increase in maternal weight (43.38 ± 0.64 g) compared to the First Trimester group (31.67 ± 0.70 g) and second Trimester (39.63 ±0.72 ).Hormonal analysis  results revealed significant increases in levels as gestation progressed (P ≤ 0.01). PGH levels increased from 2.71 ± 0.06 ng/ml in G1 to 7.12 ± 0.14 ng/ml in G3. PL levels rose from 6.23 ± 0.20 ng/ml to 11.35 ± 0.25 ng/ml, IGF-1 from 3.67 ± 0.15 ng/ml to 11.13 ± 0.19 ng/ml, and IGF-2 from 2.50 ± 0.12 ng/ml to 5.21 ± 0.09 ng/ml.Fetal development parameters such as embryo weight, crown-rump length (CRL), and placental weight showed significant increases from the second to third week of gestation. Embryo weight increased from 0.608 ± 0.03 g to 1.449 ± 0.03 g, CRL from 12.37 ± 0.46 mm to 20.34 ± 0.63 mm, and placental weight from 0.185 ± 0.04 g to 0.328 ± 0.01 g. In conclusion, placental and fetal growth markers increase significantly during pregnancy, with a clear upward trend in hormonal levels and fetal growth parameters.It recommends further research to explore these markers' implications for pregnancy health and outcomes.